Zioptan, FDA Approved Treatment for Glaucoma

WHITHOUSE STATION – Merck commonly called a MSD in United States told that Food and Drug Administration has given green signal to ZIOPTAN(TM). ZIOPATAN is used in to deduce the effects of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with Ocular hypertension. The FDA approved the medication after there was a two year clinical research of almost 905 subjects. The clinical research it was found that ZIOPTAN has IOP lowering effect. Merck has told that ZIOPTAN will be sold to customers till March.

Information about the ZIOPTAN
ZIOPTAN makes alterations in pigmented tissues. The pigmentation has increased in iris pigmentation, periorbital tissue, and eye lashes. The ZIOPTAN should be used with caution with aphakic patients as high risk is involved in it. The further study needs to be done whether pregnant women should be allowed to take ZIOPTAN. The fetus may in any way be in danger due to the use of ZIOPTAN the researchers are dealing with that issue. The pediatric patients are barred to use ZIOPTAN as there is long term implication associated with that kind of patients.

Recommended Usage of ZIOPTAN
The recommended dosage is one drop of ZIOPTAN in conjunctival sac of eye of patients daily in the evening.

Agreement among Merck and Santen It was on 15, April, 2009 that both the pharmacy company collaborated together for Tafluprost. Merck has commercial rights in North America, South Africa, Western Europe, Middle East, Australia and many more area around the world. The Santen handles the market in places like Germany, countries of Asia Pacific, Northern Europe and many more.

Information regarding Merck and Santen
The Merck is a huge world wide healthcare company. The Merck works with more than 140 countries to give them health solutions. The Santen Is a pharmacy company which has its base in Osaka and works in fields ophthalmic, eyesight, and health.

Try This Unusual Method to Reduce Depression

It is time in your life, if you believe your sorrow and pain, perhaps the death of loved ones, or falling apart,and relationship.I know how it feels to be depressed. Pregnancy in the chest and weakness of life, numbness, feeling cut off and the feeling of hopelessness.
Many people start taking antidepressants when they feel being depressed. Let me tell you antidepressants help you for short period of time. There are many ways that can recede depression level. Depression badly affects various life-style aspects of life such as it leads to erectile dysfunction, hair loss.
Despair: I know it varies from person to person, as well symptoms. Depression is more than the Blues. It can be a killer, especially among young people. Many do not suffer not want to risk the side effects that some prescription drugs do. Here are some ideas to deal with depression natural and healthy manner.
Spend Time: To spend time quietly and gently ask the feelings and thoughts of what they want. Wait and see if the answer comes. I do not think some of you are depressed you need to pay attention to it. This allows you to start with heal.Get something you know you are good at. When it reaches the target Improve your self-esteem. This naturally raises You can spirits.
Meditate: Meditation helps the mind to release tension. Meditation tape can guide, how to act. Relaxation and rest is the key to making a noise mind. Keep Journal and write down the emotions, it helps you keep track of your depressive episodes. This in turn can lead you all to raise nutritional or emotional, and you can manage before they start. Eat enough fruits and vegetables, and make sure that the iron and thyroid levels are where they should be.
Nutrition: has an important role in energy level and body functioning. If something is not right in our body, it can occur mood. To pay special attention to food intake.Exercise, especially aerobic raise the level of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is useful to add mood. Many prescription drugs on the market will increase serotonin levels medication, while the use of this course.

An Introduction to Diabetes Medications

Brief about Diabetes
Human body requires energy to perform daily activities. Energy is also required for internal organs of body for good functionality. Every cell of the body does respiration process to produce energy from the eaten food. A hormone, known as insulin (secreted by pancreas gland), help body cells to use glucose and generate energy out of it. Diabetes is a disease in which body system fails to produce enough insulin. Because of inability of body cells to transform glucose in energy, accumulation of glucose occurs which eventually leads to many diabetes complications.
Types of diabetes: Diabetes Type 1, Diabetes Type 2.

Diabetes Drugs

For type 1 diabetes insulin, pramlintide and exenatide are to be administered by injection or inhalation. Range of oral medicines, belong to different drug-class, are available to treat type 2 diabetes.

Types of Drug For Diabetes

Sulfonylureas

Sulfonylureas is class of drug belong to anti-diabetic drugs they are indicated for both type 1 and 2 diabetes. Sulfonylureas increase insulin release by working on beta cells of pnacrease gland.
Sulfonylureas drugs increase electrical positivity on membrane of beta cells of pancreas gland by preventing polarising of potassium tonic. Increased positivity leads to release more Ca (calcium) which helps stored insulin to release in body.
Drugs that are called sulfonylureas are......

• Acetohexamide
• Tolbutamide
• Chlorpropamide
• Tolazamide

Second generation

• Glipizide

Third generation

• Glimepiride

Working mechanism (Pharmacokinetics) and effect on body (Pharmacodynamics) of these drugs are different, though, their resulting action is same i.e. release of more insulin. With sole purpose of releasing more insulin in body different drugs are formulated with different techniques hence side effects of all drugs are different too.

Meglitinides

Meglitinides are indicated for diabetes type 2. Meglitinides works in same manner as that of sulfonylureas. Like sulfonylureas, meglitinidesin too bind its self but at different place.
Drugs of this class are....
Nepaglinide (Prandin)
Nateglinide (Starlix)
Meglitinide may cause low level of glucose (Hypoglecemia) because of high insulin released. Take it before half an hour of meal.

Biguanides

Biguanides are more effective than sulfonylureas and meglitinide. In stead of increasing insulin level biguanides lowers the process known as Gluconeogenesis that forms glucose. It also helps tissues to absorb glucose.
Metformin belong to this class of diabetes drugs. Metformin is one of the most popular drug being used in combination with other drug for diabetes type 2.

Thiazolidinediones

Thiazolidinediones are also know as glitazones. They acts in two ways to reduce glucose level, reduces natural process of glucose formation; helping cells to utilize glucose. Being greater effective, these drugs shows less side effects.

• Avandia (Rosiglitazone)
• Rezulin (Troglitazone)
• Actos (Pioglitazone)

Thiazodinediones works by sticking itself to receptors called PPARs.

Prolia (Denosumab) Approved in Europe For Osteoporosis

Amgen has acquired FDA approval for Denosumab to sell in Europe. Last stage trial of Denosumab is expected to finish soon and may get approval for USA market too. Prolia is propsed brand name of Denosumab. Amgen will team up GlaxoSmithKline to start commercial production of the drug.
Like other best inventions Denosumab also discovered by accident while scientists were performing experiments on mice at Amgen's lab. A mice grew up big when an experiment, related to gene disabling research, was performed on it. Scientists observed remarkable growth of mice bones.

Europe FDA has approved Denosumab for the treatment of osteoporosis medications. The drug is talk of the town in biomedical industry for its strong effects. Experts believe it to be the best medication ever produced for patients who are at high risk of fractures caused by bone disease. Denosumab can also be used by women in post-menopausal and prostate cancer patients.

Amgen is focused on development of new treatment for bone diseases such as osteoporosis. It is during the part of one such research when they found this drug. Denosumab works by preventing a specific protein that is responsible for bone related diseases. Prolia selectively targets RANK Ligand, a protein, that regulates osteoclasts cells. Prolia reduces the risk of fracture through a convenient injection given every six months. In USA, this drug is most waited drug in pharmaceutical market.

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New Inhaler Drug may Help get Erection in 10 Minutes

A study published in Journal of Sexual Medicine, indicated apomorphine inhaler caused erection within 10 minutes. The researchers came across the fact while studying new treatment for another disease. 600 men were being examined to study the effects of apomorphine inhaler.

Apomorphine inhaler could be new treatment for impotency without most shortcomings of many impotence drugs in market such as viagra, cialis and levitra.

Apomorphine, like priligy, is a non-selective dopamine agonist which activates receptors. In inhaler apomorphine is in powder form. Before this fast acting treatment hits market, as erectile dysfunction remedy, it needs to go under trials to acquire FDA approval. Scientists and researchers at pharmaceutical companies are very much optimist for it to be one of the most effective and fastest treatment for impotence.

Popular erectile dysfunction drugs, such as cialis generic levitra viagra, in market takes 40 minutes or an hour to act i.e. men have to take those drugs 1 hour before sexual intercourse.

Effects of viagra or cialis or levitra vary from person to person. The drugs have been great for some men and little or of no use for others. For men with whom those drugs do not go well, only FDA approved options are inject drugs directly to penis, or a pump to increases blood supply to penis.

Labeled usage (i.e. approved by FDA) of apomorphine is in treatment of Parkinson's disease. A trial conducted by experts of Vetura Ltd found the new effect of apomorphine.

Viagra and Levitra Can Help Enhance Brain Tumors Treatment

Drugs that are being used to gain penis-erection are helpful to enhance working mechanism of Herceptin, a cancer drug. In order to treat brain tumors, a drug must get through the blood-brain-barrier to prevent cancer to other healthy cells of brain. A research, by Dr. Keith Black at Cedars-Sinai’s Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, found that drugs like viagra and levitra can help anti-cancer drug to reach cancer-infected cells.

Blood-brain barrier is separation of blood and brain fluid (cerebrospinal fluid or CSF). Brain stays almost afloat in this fluid. This separation occurs in all capillaries with the help of a junction. Separation keeps harmful and toxic substances away from brain.

To prevent metastasization (process where one cancerous cell infects other cell) of brain, cancer drug has to penetrate this barrier. This barrier makes it difficult to treat tumor as it prevents drug chemical to reach brain.
Dr. Black, who's been studying the blood-brain barrier for about two decades, believes this finding will have major impact on the way brain tumor is being treated. According to Dr. Black chemotherapy drug (doxorubicin) and anti-cancer drug (Herceptin) will have little or no effect unless they can break into Blood-brain barrier.

Viagra and Levitra increases permeability and help large molecule anti-cancer drug, such as Herceptin, to cross the barrier and reach the target cells.

Dr. Black and his team conducted a research on Mouse. They found that delivery of Herceptin increased by two fold when given with Sildenafil Citrate (Viagra).

Nutraceutical Lowers Cholesterol Level

Scientists have found nutraceutical that helps to lower cholesterol level. Result of small trial, published at EuroPREVENT 2010, showed significant cholesterol lowering effects. Dr Valentina Mercurio (University of Naples Federico II School of Medicine, Italy) used three foods namely; red yeast rice, berberine and policosanol to study their combined therapeutic effects.

Dr Valentina refers this as nutraceutical. Nutraceutical is use of food that serves medical or health benefits through its naturally occuring elements.

The reason these foods attracted scientists was their traditional use as cholesterol lowring agent in India, china and other non-western countries. Many studies are going on to find out a substance in all these foods that lowers cholesterol.

Nutroceutical Cholesterol Lowering Substances

Red Yeast Rice
Red yeast rice is rice with yeast grown by fermetation. It has "monacolins", a single name to refer a coumpond of several substances it (monacolins) is made up of. Monacolins prevent process that produces cholesterol. Out of many other coumpounds in monacolins, monacolins K is strongest coumpond capable to inhibit cholesterol forming process. Monacolin K is a potent inhibitor of enzyme, known as HMG-CoA reductase, responsible for cholesterol synthesis. A top selling cholesterol medication lovastain (brand name Mevacor) is notheing but a monacolin to treat hypercholesterolemia. Monacolin is biological name and lovastatin is pharmaceutical name. Red yeast rice on Mayoclinic
Berberine
It is a quaternary ammonium salt made up of four other substances. In bio-chemistry Berberine has been placed into group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Berberis plant is prime source of Berberine. It is also found in roots of other plants such as goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) and Coptis chinensis. Other therapeutic usage of Berberine is in Diabetes, dyslipidemias and heart problems. Berberine Wikipedia
Policosanol
Policosanol is extract of plants. It is being derived from the waxes of plants such as beeswax, sugarcane or yams. Policonsanol increases good cholesterol and decreases bad cholestrol level. Policosanol Wikipedia

Brief of Trial Study
Study was conducted on 50 hypercholesterolemic patients. Patients were devided in two groups. One group was given oral dose of nutraceutical combination (500-mg of berberine, 200-mg of red yeast rice, and 10-mg of policosanol) and second group was given placebo for a six-week period daily. After completion of first six weeks all patients were given only nutraceutical product for four weeks.
LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) level was seen same in patients administered with placebo. LDL cholesterol level in patients of group administered with nutraceutical product was significantly lower than previous level. Blood flow in blood-vessles, known as Dilation, also improved by 3% in nutraceutical products.

Pramipexole: Depression Medication for Parkinson's Disease Patients

A small clinical trial, conducted by Dr Paolo Barone, suggests that dopamine agonist helps to treat depression of Parkinson's patients. Dopamine agonist, such as Pramipexole, may specifically treat depression of patients of parkinson's disease. Conclusion was published on TheLancet Neurology May 10 edition.
Experts believe that depression in parkinson's disease is caused by malfunction path where domaine is being transmitted from one point to another. Although depression symptoms are found in nearly 35% of patients suffering from parkinson's disease, few studies and researches have been made on depression medication to treat it. Dopamine agonist is already being used to treat severe depression. It is learnt from the trial that Pramipexole shows direct antidepressant effects in Parkinson's disease.

Pramipexole is drug of class dopamine agonist used to treat parkinson's disease. Pramipexole is also being used to treat sexual problem caused by usage of antidepressants. Pramipexole has shown strong effects in bipolar disorder.

Effect of Pramipexole found to be double-in-action, that is, it independently treats both Motor Disability and depression. The found result of the study, positive effects of single drug on two major diseases, is considered to be very important for further studies.

Pramipexole Works?
Parkinson's is a neurodegenerative disease which affects the part of the brain (substantia nigra) responsible for body movements. The substantia nigra, located around basal ganglia, contains high level nerve cells that release neurotransmitters called dopamine. Dopamine activates its receptors in basal ganglia (a part of brain). In parkinson's disease part of brain that contains dopamine neurones does not produce enough neurones. This causes lack of dopamine signals which results in lost control of brain on movements. Pramipexole works by stimulating the malfunctioning dopamine receptors in the striatum, thereby restoring the dopamine signals needed for proper functioning of the basal ganglia.

Generic Namenda Approved By FDA

Namenda was first approved by FDA in 2003 for treatment of alzheimer. It was first patened as Namenda by Forest Labotateries. FDA has approved generic version of Namenda to Sun Pharmaceuticals.

Memantine Hydrochloride is generic for Namenda. Other brand names for Namenda are Axura and Akatinol, Ebixa and Abixa and Memox. Namenda is prescription drug, it means patients are needed to provide valid prescription to buy this drug.

How Does Namenda Work?

Namenda is the only drug of class selective NMDA glutamate receptors antagonist.

It works by blocking attachment of glutamate to NMDA receptors. Improper functioning of glutamatergic neurotransmission is believed to cause Alzheimer's disease.

A pathological process in which glutamate damages or kills nerve cells is referred as Excitotoxicity in medical. Excitotoxicity = Improper functioning of glutamatergic neurotransmission.

Namenda works by releasing memantine which prevents activation of glutamate by sticking to NMDA receptors. High concentration of glutamate, caused by high level of CA2+ ions, disturbs physiological function of the receptor. Memantine prevents excess level of Ca2+ ions by preventing activation of glutamate.

Namenda Side Effects

Side effects of Namenda were found well tolerable in clinical trials. Namenda
side effects include......

1. Confusion


2. Dizziness


3. Drowsiness


4. Headache


5. Insomnia


6. Agitation


7. Hallucinations

Other rare side effects are anxiety, vomiting, increased muscle tension, infection of the urinary bladder (cystitis) and increased libido.

'High cost of Namenda overcomes its benefits' was the reason cited by UK's National Institute for Clinical Excellence for not recommending use of the drug. Now that generic for Namenda is available it will be of great aid to Alzheimer patients.

McNeil Called Off Tylenol, Motrin and Zyrtec; Use Generic

McNeil pharmaceutical recalled Tylenol, Motrin and Zyrtec syrup from market. FDA team, while on inspecting j&j plant in Fort Washington; Pa in April, found raw materials being used were contaminated. Certain bacterias were found that could cause infections.

Contaminated raw materials that were supposed to be used for manufacturing some of kids and infants syrup medicines such as tylenol, zyrtec and motrin suspension. FDA official cited saying that although used raw materials were contaminated, produced drug did not show any contamination.

Johnson & Johnson, followed by FDA inspection result, called off thousands of pediatric syrup bottles of Tylenol, Motrin, Zyrtec and Benadryl.

Taking 40 consumers complaints into consideration, FDA commissioner have asked consumers to use generic version of respective drugs.

Quistion rifed around is would consumers get back to brand? As discussed by John Mack, McNeil pharmaceutical silo of j&j may come to rescue j&j, but j&j would not be unhurt at all.

Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction Treatment

Many men get confused when they have to pick drug for erectile dysfunction. Needless to say consumers are looking for best deal that is, ED drug with best effect, lowest price and less side effects.

When it comes to erectile dysfunction drug, name that pops up in our mind are Viagra, Cialis, and Levitra. These all drugs belong to same class of Erectile dysfunction drug called PDE5 inhibitors. They work in nearly same way to help achieve erection. However, cialis levitra viagra differes in few matters. Matters, such as time erection last, side effects and time to show effect.Cialis would fit to most of the men's requirements if a comparison is made between cialis generic levitra and viagra drug to figure out best medication.

See below chart to compare cialis generic levitra viagra.

[Note: All three drugs has many side effects (common to rare side effects). Only side effects that are distinct are listed here of cialis levitra and viagra.]

Cialis Cilais contains Tadalafil as active ingradient. Works in 30 minutes Cialis gives longest erection. Effect (Erection) last for 36 hours Cilais is product of Eli Lilly and Company Shape: Egg shape; Color: Orange. Price per pill: $1.86 Cialis side effects includes hearing problem

Viagra Viagra contains Sildenafil Citrate as active ingredient Works in 1.5-2.0 hours. Viagra gives erection till 4-5 hours Viagra is product of Pfizer Shape: Qudrilateral round corner; Color:Blue. Price per pill: $2.80 Viagra side effects include blurred vision and hearing problems

Levitra Levitra contains Verdenafil as active ingradient Works faster than viagra. Levitra shows effects within one hour. Duration of erection obtained by Levitra is 4-5 hours. Levitr is product of Bayer AG Shape: Round; Color: Orange. Price per pill: $3.5 Levitra side effects include hearing problems and vision problems such as blurred vision

Provenge Sipuleucel-T Information Side Effects

Last week Provenge finally got approval as vaccine for final stage of refractory prostate cancer. Provenge is launched by Dendreon for autologous cellular immunotherapy treatment of prostate cancer in certain men.

What is Provenge (sipuleucel-T)

Sipuleucel-T is generic for Provenge. It is not kind of any tablets. Provenge is vaccine used along with patient's immune cells collected and infused, with the help of leukapheresis process, in body system.

Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer occurs when a tumor (a tumor is rapid and abnormal growth of tissues) in prostate gland invades and destroys near by tissues and spreads to other tissues. Prostate gland, when most of the tissues are infected, fails to work normally.

Prostate cancer is associated with growth of male hormone called testosterones. DHT (Dihydrotestosterone) is needed for cancer cells to grow. DHT are converted from testosterone. Hormone (also known as analogs) therapy is used to block production of testosterone. Medicines of class antiandrogens are used to block conversion of testosterones into dihydrotestosterones. Thus, overall effects result in prevention of growth of cancer cells.

Provenge is indicated to treat refractory prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is refractory when body does not respond to hormone therapy. Provenge is an autologous cellular immunotherapy, is made up of patient's own immune cells to stimulate immune system.

Patient's cells are collected at the authorized center before 3 days of beginning of therapy.

Side Effects of Provenge

Common Provenge Side Effects

Provenge side effects includes chills, fatigue, fever, weakness, shortness of breath, wheezing, low oxygen level, dizziness, high blood pressure, headache, muscle pain, vomiting and nausea.

Serious Provenge Side Effects

Seek emergency help if any of the following side effects occur......

• Breathing problems


• Chest pains


• Racing heart or irregular heartbeats

Symptoms such as nausea, dizziness, or vomiting are may related to heart or lung problems.

Provenge Dose

Therapy requires three dosages of Provenge.

Precaution to take while Provenge Therapy

Let your doctor know your medical history such as heart or lung problems or history of stroke.
Brief your doctor about all the prescription drugs, OTC drugs, vitamins, and dietary supplements name you are taking. You doctor may suggest to stop particular medications.
Infection may occur at the site of infusion or the place where cells were collected from. Seek help from your doctor you notice redness at operated site; get a fever over 100°F.

Dapoxetine (Priligy) To Treat Early Ejaculation

What is Priligy?

Priligy (buy priligy) is only approved drug to treat premature ejaculation. Priligy contains dapoxetine as active ingredient. Priligy is currently FDA approved drug being sold to treat premature ejaculation (early ejeculation) in European nations such as Sweden, Finland, Austria, Portugal, and Germany. The drug is going under clinical trial in countries such as USA, UK and France. In USA priligy is under phase III trial, two earlier trials are finished with good result.

How Priligy Works?

Priligy contains dapoxetine as active ingredient. It is of drug class called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Priligy works by selectively inhibiting reuptake of certain serotonin. Meaning; inhibit = stops, reuptake = re-absorption, serotonin = neurotransmitters. It means preligy stops reuptake of a transmitter. Different transmitters carry different signals for particular task. Lack of such transmitters cause chemical imbalance, decrease in signals to mind for a particular mood, feeling or activity.

Priligy stops re-absorption of neurotransmitters called dopamine. Dopamine controls movements, attention and feeling of pleasure.

Recent research, published at The journal of sexual medicines, shows that a gene, known as DAT1, controls the release of dopamine. Defective gene causes imbalance of dopamine which results in abnormality in the functions that dopamine controls.


What are Priligy Side effects?

Priligy side effects include dizzy, diarrhea, headache, and nausea. All the symptoms of side effect continue as long as effect of priligy last. Other priligy side effects are yet to establish.

How long priligy last?

Priligy last in body for 1-2 hours.

Priligy Precautions

Do NOT take Priligy is you are allergic to any of its ingredients. Before taking Priligy it is strongly recommended to consult doctor for people with history of heart problems.

Do not take alcohol with priligy (Dapoxetine). Priligy is once a day drug, do not take more than once in 24 hours.

Priligy Pills Drug Interaction

No drug interaction has been found with priligy as of yet. However, drug interaction of priligy may come out as research goes further. As per published studies, Dapoxetine is safe to use with drug class of phosphodiesterase (PDE5) inhibitors such as tadalafil (Cialis) and sildenafil (Viagra).

Priligy Dosage

For initial stage or at start of first time use of priligy, 30mg Priligy tablet is recommended dose. Priligy should be taken 1 to 2 hours before sexual intercourse.

Women: Priligy usage is only for MEN.

Recommended age group to take Priligy is between 18 to 65.

Generic Lipitor, Replacement For Lipitor is Soraton

What is generic replacement of lipitor?
Any drug that is bio-equivalent to lipitor is known as generic replacement of lipitor. Lipvas is generic replacement of lipitor.

Soraton is replacement of Lipitor





What is similar between lipitor and its replacement?
Lipitor contains atorvastatin as active ingredient. For example, lipvas is generic for lipitor. Laws allow manufacturing company to hold patent right on the drug with unique formula. Such drugs can not be manufactured or produced by other pharmaceutical companies. Duration of such exclusive right is 10-25 years. Not only that but production of a drug with similar properties such as color, shape, size, flavor and uses is also prohibited.

Prior of patent expiry date, pharmaceutical firms apply for FDA approval to produce similar drug. Such drug is known as generic drug and the original drug, from which generic drug is copied from, is known as brand drug. That is called generic replacement of drug.

Difference of lipitor and its replacement

They differ in shape, size, color and taste.

Similarities between lipitor and its replacement

Effects, active ingredient, working mechanism (known as pharmacokinetics), form (liquid or tablet or injection) and strengths.

Is generic replacement of lipitor is as good as lipitor?
Yes. Since generic drug represents bio-equivalency it is same in effects.

What are side effects, precautions and uses of generic replacement of lipitor?
Side effects, its uses and precautions are same as lipitor.

Singulair Allergy Medicine

Silgulair Allergy Medicine

Is singulair is allergy medicine?

Yes, sigulair is allergy medicine. Sigulair has been approved by FDA for asthma and rhinitis allergy (symptoms of Rhinitis allergy (also known as seasonal allergy) are runny and stuffy nose, red eye watering, excess sneezing, and breathing problem). Singulair is anti allergy medicine of type leukotriene receptor antagonist (Antagonist = a substance that nullifies effects of other substance).

How singulair treats allergy?

Rhinitis allergy occurs when allergens enter into body. Body immune system identifies those allergens as harmful substances and produce leukotrienes and histamines to fight with them to protect body. Actually entered allergens are non-harmful, body system misidentifies them as harmful. Released leukotrienes, with histamines, cause mucos production, inflamed airway and sneezing.

Leukotrienes are needed to get activated in order to perform its tasks. Activations happen when only when they stick to their receptors. Unless they are sticked to their receptors they won't be able to perform their tasks.Singulair prevents activation of leukotrienes. Singulair does that by releasing motelukast which sticks itself to receptors of leukotrienes.

What is singulair medicine?

Singulair is name given to a drug that contains motelukast as active ingredient. Any medicine which contains motelukast as active ingredient would act in similar manner to singulair.

Singulair Dose for Allergy

Adults and children with seosnal allergy symptoms for more than 2 years should take singulair allergy medicine.

10mg singulair allergy medicine once a day is recommended dose for adults and children above 15 years.

For children between 6 years to 14 years recommended singulair medicine dose is one 5 mg tablet once a day.

For kids 2 years-5 years recommended singulair dose is one 4 mg tablet a day.
For kids between 6 to 23 months recommended dose is one packet of 4 mg oral granules in a day.
Effects of Singulair medicine on pregnant and breast feeding women have not been established.

Find more information about singulair

Generic Drugs: Answers of Four Most Frequently Asked Questions

Four most frequently asked questions are answered in this reading. Questions are:a)What Does Bio-equivalency mean? b)What Generic Drugs Are? c) Are generic drugs as safe and effective as their brand? d)Why Generic Drugs Are So Cheap?

What Generic Drugs Are?

Generic Drugs (or Generics) are the identical drugs of the Brand Drugs. A generic drug contains same chemical ingredients to its brand drugs. According to FDA, generics are identical or bio-equivalent as the brand drugs. Hence, generics are equally effective and exactly same in dose, intake manner and working mechanism (i.e. Pharmacokinetics) when compared with brand drugs. Generic drugs can only be manufactured and produced when patent of counterpart brand drug have expired.

Benefits of Generic Drugs

Generics are available at almost half price. (e.g. Plavix= $2.47 and Generic Plavix (Clopidogrel) = $1.27]
Generic drugs are also approved by U.S. FDA (USA Food & Drug Administration) before making it available for public purchase.
All the generic drug producers must prove that the respective drug represents bio-equivalency of the original drug.

Generics are not identical in name, flavor, shape, size and color. Such characteristics of the brand drug are patented intellectual properties hence, no other company can produce drug with those properties. That’s the only difference between brand and generic drugs.

What Does Bio-equivalency mean?

Bio-equivalency means these similarities (between generic and its brand drug)

Active Ingredient: Generic drugs must have same active ingredient as that of brand drugs. For example, Nexium has esomeprazole magnesium as active chemical ingredient and its generic drug (Sozo) also has esomeprazole magnesium.

Indication: Generic drug is used to treat same health condition for which brand drug is indicated for.

Therapeutic Effects: Effects of generic drugs are same as that of its brand drug. Applicant generic manufacturer has to prove that to FDA with results of clinical trials.

Dose: Same dose produces same effects (including side effects) when compared to effects of dose of brand drug. Effects of Lytorin 20mg must be same to Lipitor 20 mg. FDA won't approve Lytorin 40mg as generic of lipitor if its 40 mg tablets' effects are same as Lipitor 20mg.

Working Mechanism: Mechanism of generic drug, such as release of amount of active ingredient in body and time taken to release must be same to its brand drug.

Strength of tablets (5mg, 10 mg etc): Strengths of generic drugs matches the strengths of brand drugs.

Form (Liquid or tablets): Generic medication is also in tablets form if its brand equivalent is in form of tablets.

Dissimilarities: Color, taste, size, shape and name of generic drug tablets are different from its brand tablets.


Are generic drugs as safe and effective as their brand?

Yes. Because of exact bio-equivalency they produce same effects and side effects.

Why Generic Drugs Are So Cheap?

Because of the patent protection no other companies can produce (During patent period) a drug which is similar in color, shape, size and taste. As soon as patent gets expired patent holder company loses exclusivity to make that drug. Other pharmaceutical companies start to produce generics (But can’t without approval of FDA). As there is no-patent protection and competition, generic form of brand drug is available at extremely low cost.

Manufacturer of generics don't have to spend on research & development, marketing. All they have to do is assure government authority, with result of clinical trials, that the drug is identical in all manners to its brand drug. This save huge amount of money of high expenses. Cost of generic drugs doesn't include expenses of discovering unique medication formula and salaries of doctors and scientists.

Generic drug producers must prove that their generic version is bio-equivalent of respective brand drugs.

Quit Smoking: Most Effective 10 ways to Quit Smoking

So, you are a smoker. You just can't stop smoking cigarette, but, you regret after you finish the stick. You just don't like the smoke smell from fingers, and you resolve to give up smoking. Wait! Don’t give up in such a way. Your body might develop 'Nicotine Withdrawal Syndrome'. Anger, Depression, anxiety, impatience, difficulty concentrating, craving, insomnia and restlessness are symptoms of nicotine withdrawal. There is a way to give up smoking without developing any syndrome. Experts have figured out pleasant and easy to implement ways to stop smoking. Let’s have a glance at some of the DOs and Don'ts.....

=> Stay in clean and fresh air climate. Arrange fragrant flowers. Fragrance would amazingly delight your mind.

=> Stop going to smoking zone. Don't stay at the place where one can smoke.

=> Drink lots of water. Keep water bottle with you. Keep taking one or two sips continuously. The reason a person is enticed to smoke is the existence of nicotine in body. Water will flush out nicotine (Most & Highly Recommended).

=> Stop having beverages associated with smoking like alcohol, coffee and tea. These beverages encourages mind to smoke.

=> Idle time is best time a smoker thinks of smoking cigarette. Keep mind busy in liked activities. Discussion or watching television.

=> Hold pencil or pen like cigarette if you miss style and sensation of holding cigarette.

=>Start using public transport service if habituated to smoke while driving car or play favorite track or music to divert mind.

=> Use herbal cigarettes like nirdosh.

=> Take smoking session medications: There are couple of medicines which manufacturer claims to help quit smoking (such as zyban). These medications are prescription only. These pills aide to quit smoking, but alone pills won't work without will.

=> Keep handy eatables like kishmish or chewing gum (Smoking session gum is also available)